@inbook {Leip2011p,
	title = {{Agri-Environmental Nitrogen Indicators for EU27}},
	booktitle = {Bio-Economic Models applied to Agricultural Systems},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {109{\textendash}123},
	publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
	organization = {Springer Netherlands},
	address = {Dordrecht},
	abstract = {Nitrogen is a key element to ensure modern agriculture{\textquoteright}s output, sustaining global food, feed, fibre and now bio-energy production. But it also accounts also for, or at least contributes to, key environmental problems that challenge the well functioning of today{\textquoteright}s societies (Sutton et al. 2011). One molecule of nitrogen can contribute to one or many environmental problems, including eutrophication, groundwater pollution via leaching and run-off of nitrates and organic nitrogen, climate change via N2O emissions, acidification via ammonia emissions and may affect human health via ozone formation or biodiversity via nitrogen deposition on natural areas. This multiple impact of nitrogen is often referred to as the {\textquotedblleft}nitrogen cascade{\textquotedblright} (Galloway et al. 2003). Accordingly, agri-environmental indicator frameworks typically feature several indicators related to nitrogen such as ammonia emissions, use of nitrogen fertilisers, gross N surplus, nitrates in water or GHG emissions (EEA 2005). Often, however, these indicators are calculated independently from each other based on sometimes contradicting data sources, methodologies or assumptions (see e.g. Grizzetti et al. 2007). This includes also the first overview of the {\textquotedblleft}European Nitrogen Case{\textquotedblright} that was presented by van Egmond et al. (2002) at the second International Nitrogen Conference held in Potomac (USA). Thus, a system that calculates the detailed nitrogen balance and the related indicators for agriculture in Europe on the basis of consistent data sets and advanced methodologies is highly desirable. A closed balance of nitrogen is calculated in the CAPRI (Common Agricultural Policy Regionalized Impact) model, i.e., next to monetary values and product balances, also the nutrient fluxes are in accordance with the law of mass-conservation (Britz et al., 2007). This has been exploited by Leip et al. (2011b) to develop nitrogen budgets for the system boundaries of the soil, land, and the farm. The authors provide for the first time mutually consistent calculations of farm, land and soil N-budgets for all member states of the European Union and quantify the two major indicators, namely the nitrogen use efficiency and the nitrogen surplus for each of the N-budgets. The data showed that the nitrogen surplus increases for the soil {\textless} land {\textless} farm budget, while the nitrogen use efficiency decreases analogically for soil {\textgreater} land {\textgreater} farm budgets. The farm N-budget appeared to be the most relevant one giving a picture of the overall N management of agriculture and is accordingly recommended for integrative studies assessing the {\textquotedblleft}nitrogen footprint{\textquotedblright} of society. Based on the work of Leip et al. (2011b), we propose in this chapter three additional nitrogen indicators focusing even more on the use society in European countries makes of their productive land.},
	keywords = {mypublications},
	isbn = {978-94-007-1901-9},
	doi = {10.1007/978-94-007-1902-6_6},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/content/pq4846/{\#}section=954524{\&}page=1{\&}locus=0},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Weiss, Franz and Britz, Wolfgang},
	editor = {Flichman, Guillermo}
}
@article {Leip2011b,
	title = {{Farm, land, and soil nitrogen budgets for agriculture in Europe calculated with CAPRI}},
	journal = {Environmental Pollution},
	volume = {159},
	number = {11},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {3243{\textendash}3253},
	abstract = {We calculated farm, land, and soil N-budgets for countries in Europe and the EU27 as a whole using the agro-economic model CAPRI. For EU27, N-surplus is 55 kg N ha -1 yr -1 in a soil budget and 65 kg N 2O-N ha -1 yr -1 and 67 kg N ha -1 yr -1 in land and farm budgets, respectively. NUE is 31{\%} for the farm budget, 60{\%} for the land budget and 63{\%} for the soil budget. NS values are mainly related to the excretion (farm budget) and application (soil and land budget) of manure per hectare of total agricultural land. On the other hand, NUE is best explained by the specialization of the agricultural system toward animal production (farm NUE) or the share of imported feedstuff (soil NUE). Total N input, intensive farming, and the specialization to animal production are found to be the main drivers for a high NS and low NUE. {\textcopyright} 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {agriculture, Europe, Nitrogen budgets, Nitrogen use efficiency, Nutrient balances},
	issn = {02697491},
	doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2011.01.040},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.01.040},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Britz, Wolfgang and Weiss, Franz and De Vries, Wim}
}
@article {Leip2014,
	title = {{The nitrogen footprint of food products in the European Union}},
	journal = {The Journal of Agricultural Science},
	volume = {152},
	number = {S1},
	year = {2014},
	month = {oct},
	pages = {20{\textendash}33},
	keywords = {Footprint, mypublications, nitrogen, online},
	issn = {0021-8596},
	doi = {10.1017/S0021859613000786},
	url = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract{\_}S0021859613000786},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Weiss, Franz and Lesschen, Jan Peter and Westhoek, Henk}
}
@article {Leip2015a,
	title = {{Impacts of European livestock production: nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and greenhouse gas emissions, land-use, water eutrophication and biodiversity}},
	journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
	volume = {10},
	number = {11},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {115004},
	publisher = {IOP Publishing},
	abstract = {Livestock production systems currently occupy around28{\%}of the land surface of the European Union (equivalent to65{\%}of the agricultural land). Inconjunction with otherhumanactivities, livestock production systems affect water, air and soil quality, global climate and biodiversity, altering the biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon. Here,we quantify the contribution of European livestock production to these major impacts. For each environmental effect, the contribution of livestock is expressed as shares of the emitted compounds and land used, as compared to the whole agricultural sector. The results show that the livestock sector contributes significantly to agricultural environmental impacts. This contribution is78{\%}for terrestrial biodiversity loss,80{\%}for soil acidification and air pollution (ammoniaand nitrogen oxides emissions),81{\%}for global warming, and73{\%}for water pollution (bothNandP). The agriculture sector itself is one of the major contributors to these environmental impacts, ranging between12{\%}for global warming and59{\%}for Nwater quality impact. Significant progress in mitigating these environmental impacts in Europe will only be possible through a combination of technological measures reducing livestock emissions, improved food choices and reduced food waste of European citizens. Introduction},
	keywords = {air quality, biodiversity loss, Climate Change, coastal eutrophication, European Union, livestock production, soil acidification},
	isbn = {1748-9318},
	issn = {1748-9326},
	doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/10/11/115004},
	url = {http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/10/i=11/a=115004?key=crossref.b8ce885804d5c860e008c03ed18e7ab8 https://zenodo.org/record/58514{\#}.WLQb4zsrKXr},
	author = {Leip, Adrian and Billen, Gilles and Garnier, Josette and Grizzetti, Bruna and Lassaletta, Luis and Reis, Stefan and Simpson, David and Sutton, Mark A. and De Vries, Wim and Weiss, Franz and Westhoek, Henk}
}
@article {Vanham2019a,
	title = {{Environmental footprint family to address local to planetary sustainability and deliver on the SDGs}},
	journal = {Science of The Total Environment},
	volume = {693},
	number = {June},
	year = {2019},
	month = {jul},
	pages = {133642},
	publisher = {Elsevier B.V},
	abstract = {The number of publications on environmental footprint indicators has been growing rapidly, but with limited efforts to integrate different footprints into a coherent framework. Such integration is important for comprehensive understanding of environmental issues, policy formulation and assessment of trade-offs between different environmental concerns. Here, we systematize published footprint studies and define a family of footprints that can be used for the assessment of environmental sustainability. We identify overlaps between different footprints and analyse how they relate to the nine planetary boundaries and visualize the crucial information they provide for local and planetary sustainability. In addition, we assess how the footprint family delivers on measuring progress towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), considering its ability to quantify environmental pressures along the supply chain and relating them to the water-energy-food-ecosystem (WEFE) nexus and ecosystem services. We argue that the footprint family is a flexible framework where particular members can be included or excluded according to the context or area of concern. Our paper is based upon a recent workshop bringing together global leading experts on existing environmental footprint indicators.},
	keywords = {Environmental footprint, Environmental footprint assessment, Family, Footprint, Footprint family, Planetary boundaries},
	issn = {00489697},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133642},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969719335673 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133642},
	author = {Vanham, Davy and Leip, Adrian and Galli, Alessandro and Kastner, Thomas and Bruckner, Martin and Uwizeye, Aimable and van Dijk, Kimo and Ercin, Ertug and Dalin, Carole and Brand{\~a}o, Miguel and Bastianoni, Simone and Fang, Kai and Leach, Allison M. and Chapagain, Ashok and Van der Velde, Marijn and Sala, Serenella and Pant, Rana and Mancini, Lucia and Monforti-Ferrario, Fabio and Carmona-Garcia, Gema and Marques, Alexandra and Weiss, Franz and Hoekstra, Arjen Y.}
}
